Microglia immunophenotyping in gliomas

Microglia immunophenotyping in gliomas

Microglia, once assimilated to peripheral macrophages, in gliomas has long been discussed and currently it is hypothesized to play a pro-tumor role in tumor progression. Uncertain between M1 and M2 polarization, it exchanges signals with glioma cells to create an immunosuppressive microenvironment and stimulates cell proliferation and migration. Four antibodies are currently used for microglia/...

Microglia: a novel treatment target in gliomas.

Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1R132H mutation in microglia/macrophages in gliomas

Somatic mutation of Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) at the locus of R132 (IDH1 (R132H)) occurs in > 70% of WHO grade II-III gliomas and secondary glioblastomas. To date it remains unknown whether the mutation is restricted to glial tumor cells. Microglial cells are the resident macrophages in the central nervous system. Tumor-infiltrating microglial cells/macrophages are major stromal cellula...

The Controversial Role of Microglia in Malignant Gliomas

Malignant gliomas contain stroma and a variety of immune cells including abundant activated microglia/macrophages. Mounting evidence indicates that the glioma microenvironment converts the glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs) into glioma-supportive, immunosuppressive cells; however, GAMs can retain intrinsic anti-tumor properties. Here, we review and discuss this duality and the poten...

Immunophenotyping.

This unit presents basic techniques for immunophenotyping by flow cytometry, direct using a conjugated monoclonal antibody and indirect using an unconjugated primary antibody followed by a conjugated secondary antibody. Combinations of these methods are described for two-, three-, and four-color staining. Analysis of data acquired from cells stained by these procedures is detailed. A procedure ...